24. CLASSIFICATION: Animalia (Vertebrates -- "Craniata"{)
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Subphylum Vertebrata (Vertebrates -- "Craniates"))
Class Hagfishes (Myxini -- previously Agnatha -- jawless fishes) hagfishes |
Class Lampreys (Cephalaspidomorphi -- previously Agnatha -- jawless fishes) lampreys |
Class Cartilaginous Fish (Chondrichthyes) sharks, rays |
Class Bony Fish (Osteichthyes) All other fish |
Class Amphibians (Amphibia) Salamanders, Frogs, Toads |
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Frogs as Indicator Species |
Class Reptiles (Reptilia) Snakes, Lizards, Turtles |
Class Birds (Aves) |
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1. Jaws
2. Bony skeleton
3. Terrestrial
4. "warm blooded" Homeothermic (feathers)
-- body temperature: Homeothermic organisms vs. Poikilothermic organisms
insulating material: feathers
the circulatory system regulate body temperature
-- Flight evolved independently in 3 groups of Animalia
1. Insects (Arthropoda)
2. Birds (Chordata)
3. Bats (Chordata)
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Bird Evolution |
Class Mammals (Mammalia) Platypus, Marsupials, Placental mammals |
-- placenta for feeding and assisting the fetus |
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Fossil Horses of Florida |
i. Subclass Monotremes (Holotheria) |
ii. Subclass Marsupials (Metatheria) |
Superfamily: Hominoids (Hominoidea -- Apes) |
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Mystery Ape |
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Evolutionary Timetable
-- for the formation of the solar system, earth, & life
1. Start of CHEMICAL EVOLUTION |
2. Start of BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION |
0.25 billion yrsa (250 mya) |
Pangaea |
0.15 billion yrsa (150 mya) |
Gondwanaland / Laurasia |
0.066 billion yrsa (66 mya) |
Earth when the dinosaurs went extinct |
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Fossil Humans |
3. Start of CULTURAL EVOLUTION |
0.00004 billion yrsa (40,000 yrsa) |
Earth today |
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General Biology Hub | Lecture Learning Tools Hub |
-- Disclaimer: "Dr. Nilsson's CyberOffice", at the time of writing located as a file under the South Texas Community College's (STCC) web server with the general URL http://stcc.cc.tx.us/, is the intellectual property of Dr. Jan A. Nilsson, member of STCC biology faculty. The content of Dr. Nilsson's CyberOffice does not necessarily reflect the opinions and beliefs of the STCC faculty, staff, administration, and Board of Trustees.